Triglycerides normal range child9/22/2023 ![]() Between-study heterogeneity was large-to-extreme. Pooled results showed that hospitalized patients with severe disease or non-survivor status had significantly lower total cholesterol (standardized mean difference, SMD = −0.29, 95% CI −0.41 to −0.16, p < 0.001), LDL-cholesterol (SMD = −0.30, 95% CI −0.41 to −0.18, p < 0.001), and HDL-cholesterol (SMD = −0.44, 95% CI −0.62 to −0.26, p < 0.001), but not triglyceride (SMD = 0.04, 95% CI −0.10 to −0.19, p = 0.57), concentrations compared to patients with milder disease or survivor status during follow up. Twenty-two studies in 10,122 COVID-19 patients were included in the meta-analysis. We searched PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus, between January 2020 and January 2021, for studies describing lipid concentrations, COVID-19 severity, and survival status (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42021253401). We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis with meta-regression of studies reporting total, HDL, and LDL-cholesterol, and triglyceride concentrations in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Lipid profile alterations have been observed in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in relation to disease severity and mortality.
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